The CAS comprises integrated 2.4-GHz direct-sequence spread spectrum wireless communication, a USB 2.0 communication interface, an elastic band, a wireless long-range dongle, a Bluetooth connection, and a charger. Various methods have been reported to solve these problems, and in 2021, a device to help maintain the chin-tuck posture using auditory feedback was first introduced by Oh et al Called the Chin-tuck Assistance System (CAS), this device was designed to induce safe swallowing by helping to maintain the chin-tuck posture. There may also be limitations causing deviations from the correct chin-tuck posture due to the lack of accurate anatomical definitions, methods, and related data. In addition, the neck flexion angle during the chin-tuck is not easily and accurately quantified, leading to variability in practice and in research. Even in people without cognitive impairments, the use of immediate feedback during rehabilitation is encouraged, as the chin-tuck can be performed in an incorrect posture. ĭespite the advantages of the chin-tuck technique, research suggests that since it requires conscious effort it is difficult to apply to patients with cognitive impairments and a reduced self-awareness caused by various neurological diseases. Furthermore, the chin-tuck has been found to alleviate aspiration in patients with nervous system diseases experiencing dysphagia. Performing a chin-tuck is known to narrow the larynx entrance and improve airway protection in normal older adults. According to Logemann (1988), the chin-tuck posture is helpful for patients with reduced tongue retraction, delayed swallowing, and a decreased ability to close the airway opening. Welch et al (1993) reported that the posture of pulling the chin toward the body structurally moves the position of the epiglottis to protect the airway and widens the space between the laryngeal valley and the anterior pharynx to promote the swallowing reflex, thereby enabling safe swallowing without aspiration. Several reasons have been suggested for the effectiveness of the chin-tuck maneuver. A chin-tuck, which is widely used in clinical practice for patients with dysphagia, induces the swallowing of food by bending the head and neck and pulling the chin toward the body as far as possible while sitting upright in a chair with a straight spine. One such treatment technique is a postural change, including a chin-tuck, head rotation, head-back, and side-lying, which is known to be effective in patients with dysphagia experiencing aspiration due to delayed pharyngeal swallowing. Since dysphagia may lead to various complications, such as aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, and dehydration, and in severe cases, death, various techniques are currently used for its treatment. Dysphagia is a problem that occurs during the passage of a bolus from the oral cavity to the esophagus, indications of which may be pharyngeal residue, aspiration, and/or invasion.
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